ABSTRACT
"Introducción: Los tumores de la glándula parótida son un motivo de consulta frecuente en los centros de referencia para patologías de cabeza y cuello. La mayoría son benignos. Sin embargo, requieren manejo quirúrgico por su localización evidente y riesgo de malignización. Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas y demográficas de pacientes con masas parotídeas en nuestra institución. Diseño: Estudio observacional descriptivo tipo serie de casos. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de los pacientes con diagnóstico de masa parotídea en el Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Universitario del Valle entre 01/2011- 06/2014. Resultados: El total de registros fue de 61 pacientes. 20 parotidectomías se realizaron en hombres (32.8%) y 41 en mujeres (67.2%). 7 pacientes (11.5%) tenían 18-30años, 28 (45.9%), 31-50años y 26 (42.6%) más de 50 años. 32 presentaban un tamaño tumoral de 10-39mm (52.5%), 25 (41%) 40-89mm y 3 ≥90mm (4.9%). A 36 se les practicó TAC de cuello (59%). A 47 se les tomó 0BACAF (77%), a 15 TRUCUT (24.6%) y ninguno se llevó a biopsia excisional. El resultado patológico final fue benigno en un 63.9% y maligno en 13.1%. Discusión: Los tumores de parótida son relativamente frecuentes en la consulta Otorrinolaringológica y de Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello. En nuestro país no encontramos una caracterización de esta entidad y en los pocos centros de referencia, se encontraron datos de patología maligna exclusivamente. Conclusiones: La información presentada abre la posibilidad a estudios ulteriores que permitan definir protocolos de manejo para esta patología en nuestro país. "
"Introduction: The tumors of the parotid gland are a frequent reason for consultation in reference centers for head and neck pathologies. Most are benign. However, a surgical management is required because of their evident location and risk of malignancy. Objective: To describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with parotid masses in our institution. Design: Case series study. Materials and methods: A descriptive study of patients operated on with diagnosis of parotid mass in the Otorhinolaryngology Service of the Hospital Universitario del Valle between 01/2011-06/2014 was carried out. Results: The total of records was 61 patients. 20 parotidectomies were performed in men (32.8%) and 41 in women (67.2%). 7 patients (11.5%) were 18-30 years old, 28 (45.9%), 31-50 years old and 26 (42.6%) >50 years old. 32 had a tumor size of 10-39mm (52.5%), 25 (41%) 40-89mm and 3 ≥90mm (4.9%). A neck CT scan was performed in 36 patients (59%). 47 were underwent a Fine Needle Aspiration biopsy (77%), 15 TRU-CUT (24.6%); excisional biopsy was not carried out. The final pathological result was benign in 63.9% and malignant in 13.1% of the cases. Discussion: Parotid tumors are relatively frequent in the Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery outpatient care. In our country we did not find a characterization of this entity and as for the few reference centers, only malignant pathology data were found. Conclusions: The information presented in this paper opens up the possibility for further studies to define management protocols for this pathology in our country."
Subject(s)
Humans , Parotid Gland , Adenoma, Pleomorphic , Head and Neck NeoplasmsABSTRACT
Objetivo: Proponer un proceso de desregulación de alimentos derivados de cultivos genéticamente mejorados desarrollados en Costa Rica, plantea un trámite a la Consulta de desregulación de un nuevo alimento desarrollado por ingeniería genética, labor que le competerá al Ministerio de Salud principalmente. Material y métodos: La propuesta incluye procedimientos de iniciar la consulta, conformación del equipo de evaluadores, información que se solicita en el dossier sobre alimentos derivados de cultivos genéticamente mejorados, y comunicación de la decisión de la Consulta. Se construyó con base a marcos regulatorios de bioseguridad, utilizados en países desarrollados, que orientan a los desarrolladores en los lineamientos a seguir para la desregulación de los nuevos alimentos. Resultados: Lo que establecen los marcos de regulación responde a lo planteado en el concepto de equivalencia sustancial, aceptada internacionalmente como el compendio de información que refleja la inocuidad de un alimento seguro para el consumo. El ensayo revisa los procesos de regulación en bioseguridad de Costa Rica y la experiencia en la regulación para el cultivo y movilización de materiales modificados genéticamente. Discusión: Se evidencia que Costa Rica se carece de un procedimiento para atender Consulta de desregulación de alimentos sometidos al proceso de equivalencia sustancial.
Objective: To develop a feasibility analysis of the implementation of a consultation process as it would apply to foods derived from genetically modified crops in Costa Rica; this includes a general proposal for procedures for a consultation request within the country, in order to deregulate foods derived from genetically modified crops. The Ministry of Health would be responsible for the Consultation. Methods: The proposal includes procedures for Consultation reception, group of experts for evaluation, information required in the dossier of genetically-modified crops and Consultation resolution communication. The proposal was constructed based on biosafety regulatory frameworks, used by industrialized countries, which are meant to guide developers on guidelines for the safety assessment of novel foods.Results: These guidelines follow the substantial equivalence concept, which defines what information should be accepted internationally to demonstrate that the new food is safe for human and animal consumption. In this essay a review of the biosecurity regulatory procedures in Costa Rica is presented; this review indicates that there is expertise on the regulation of planting and mobilization of GM materials.Discussion: However there is a lack of procedures addressed to doing a Consultation for deregulating a GM food that has completed the substantial equivalence process.
Subject(s)
Humans , Biotechnology , Food , Food Production , Food Technology , Genetic Techniques , Genetics , Legislation, Food , Costa RicaABSTRACT
A protocol for Coffea arabica L. cvs. Caturra and Catuaí plant regeneration via indirect somatic embryogenesis (ISE) was established. Furthermore, a biolistic mediated genetic transformation protocol was optimized for Catual callus aggregates. Maximum callus induction was obtained when Caturra (87 percent) and Catuaí (67 percent) leaves were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium with 18.56 micronM kinetin and 4.52 micronM2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Catuaí suspension cultures were established from embryogenic callus using liquid proliferation CP and Sli media and diffused light and darkness. The higher suspension cultures fresh weight was obtained using Erlenmeyer (1425.4 +/- 354.9 mg) than Recipient for Automated Temporary Immersion System (RITA®) (518.6 +/- 55.1 mg), whereas the dry weight of suspension cultures was not significantly affected by the culture system used. Higher number of embryos per vessel (307.6 +/- 49.0) and their fresh weight (9.6 +/- 1.5 mg) were obtained with semisolid R medium than S3 medium. The highest somatic embryo development (25.0 +/- 2.7) and fresh weight (780.0 +/- 85.4 mg) were obtained with 1 min of immersion every 8 hrs. Higher fresh weight of regenerated plantlets was obtained with liquid Yasuda medium in RITA® (124.6 +/- 16.3 mg) than semisolid media (36.3 +/- 11.3 mg). For genetic transformation, the effect of helium pressure (900 and 1550 psi), and target distance (9 and 12 cm) and plasmid (pCAMBIA 1301, pCAMBIA 1305.2 and pCAMBIA 1301-BAR) on transient uidA expression Catuaí suspension cultures were evaluated. The highest number of blue spots was obtained using 900 psi and 9 cm (125.8 +/- 17.3). Stable uidA expression was observed on Catual callus aggregates transformed with pCAMBIA 2301 and cultured on 100 mg l-1 of kanamycin.